CO₂ gas concentration

CO₂ PPM to mg/L Calculator

Convert gaseous carbon dioxide from ppmv to mg/L at your actual temperature and pressure using the ideal-gas relationship.

Formula mg/L = ppmv × 44.0095 × P ÷ (R × T) × 0.001

Live conversion

CO₂ PPM to mg/L Calculator

Updates live
Concentration mg/L
Concentration mg/m³

Results assume non-negative inputs and the unit basis shown.
Conversion basis

The formula behind the result

mg/L = ppmv × 44.0095 × P ÷ (R × T) × 0.001

This page treats ppm as ppm by volume in a gas. R = 0.082057366 L·atm·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹.

Why CO₂ needs temperature and pressure

Gas ppm is normally a volume or mole fraction. Converting it to a mass per gas volume requires the gas molar mass and the number of moles occupying one liter, which changes with absolute temperature and pressure.

At 25 °C and 1 atm, 420 ppmv CO₂ is about 0.756 mg/L of gas, or about 756 mg/m³.

Gas-phase versus dissolved CO₂

This calculator is for CO₂ in a gas mixture such as air or process gas. Dissolved CO₂ in water is a liquid concentration and cannot be inferred from gas ppm with this formula alone.

Gas-to-water equilibrium depends on temperature, pressure, pH, alkalinity, and Henry's law, so use a dissolved-CO₂ method for water samples.

Quick reference

Conversion examples

Input Conditions Result
420 ppmv 25 °C, 1 atm 0.7555 mg/L
1,000 ppmv 25 °C, 1 atm 1.7988 mg/L
5,000 ppmv 20 °C, 1 atm 9.148 mg/L

Frequently Asked Questions

How many mg/L is 1,000 ppm CO₂?
At 25 °C and 1 atm, 1,000 ppmv CO₂ is approximately 1.799 mg/L of gas.
Why does the result change with temperature?
A warmer gas contains fewer moles per liter at the same pressure, so the mass concentration is lower.
Does this calculate dissolved CO₂ in water?
No. It converts gas-phase ppmv. Dissolved CO₂ requires equilibrium and water-chemistry information.